Longitudinal properties of structural members refer to properties that run along their whole length. Examples of these include its extrusion path and uniformity.
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One can think of structural members as objects made using extrusion - a term used in manufacturing. To demonstrate this, say we are to create a rectangular boxed member:

The process of extrusion

Let's say we have a 2D cross-section - a rectangle. To create a boxed structural member using extrusion:

  1. First, define the member's ends, points \(A\) and \(B\).
  2. Then, create any path between these points (provided they don't intersect)
  3. Pass the 2D rectangle from \(A\) to \(B\) along the route.

Properties

Straight and Non-Straight

Straight versus non-straight members

Based on the extrusion path, we can identify members as either straight or non-straight. If the shape traveled from point \(A\) to point \(B\) in one direction, it is a straight member.

If the shape traveled from point \(A\) to point \(B\) in multiple directions, it is a non-straight member.

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Uniformity

Examples of uniform and non-uniform members

Another property of structural members is uniformity. It measures the consistency of a member's shape along its longitudinal axis.

Uniform

When the member's shape is the same along the path, we say it is uniform. A rectangular prism and a rod are perfect examples of such.

When we have a uniform member, specific shape properties are constant.

Non-Uniform

When the member's shape varies along the path, it is non-uniform.

  • Tapered Sections. These are members in which the cross-section has the same shape but diminishes in size from one end to the other.
  • Stepped Sections. These are members with an abrupt change in shape at one point.
  • Haunched Sections. These are members in which the ends have relatively large cross sections and gradually diminish to a smaller shape between their ends.

Non-uniform members will have varying shape properties along their length.

Summary

Structural members can be imagined as extrusions: an object made by passing a cross-section along a defined path.
The path between the member's ends can either be straight or non-straight.
The member's uniformity refers to its cross-section consistency along its longitudinal axis.
When the member's cross-section is the same along its longitudinal axis, we say the member is uniform.
When the member's cross-section varies along its longitudinal axis, the member is non-uniform. Examples of non-uniform members include tapered sections, stepped sections, and haunched sections.

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How Do We Describe Members at Cross-Section?

Concept

Cross-section properties of a structural member refer to properties when we're investigating a cut section of it. Examples include symmetry, shape, and more.

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1

What is a Structural Member?

Concept

A structural member is a long slender component of a structure. In this post, we'll explore more of this element, such as its longitudinal and transverse properties.

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Created On
June 5, 2023
Updated On
February 23, 2024
Contributors
Edgar Christian Dirige
Founder
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